A
|
|
Accountability:
refers to the management philosophy whereby
individuals are held liable, or accountable for how
they use their authority. |
|
Activity:
are specified sets of behavior within a product. |
|
Authority:
is the right to perform, give orders and commands
for others. |
B
|
|
Break–Even Analysis:
is a control tool that summarizes the various levels
of profit or loss associated with various levels of
production. |
|
Budget:
is a control tool that outlines how funds will be
obtained and spent in a given period. |
C
|
|
Computer–Aided Design (CAD):
is a computerized technique for designing new
products or modifying existing ones. |
|
Computer–Aided Manufacturing (CAM):
is a technique that employs computers to plan and
program equipment used in the production and
inspection of manufactured items. |
|
Control:
is making something happen the way it was planned to
happen. |
|
Controlling:
is the process managers go through to control. It is
a systematic effort to compare performance to
predetermined standards, plans, or objectives to
determine whether performance is in line with those
standards or needs to be corrected. |
|
Concurrent Control:
refers to control that takes place when work is
being performed. |
|
Corrective Action:
is managerial activity aimed at bringing
organizational performance up to the level of
performance standards. |
D
|
|
Decision:
is a choice made between two or more available
alternatives. |
|
Decision Tree:
is a graphic decision making tool typically used to
evaluate decisions involving a series of steps. |
F
|
|
Feedback Control:
refers to control that concentrates on the past
organizational performance. |
|
|
G
|
|
Gantt Chart:
is a scheduling tool composed of a bar chart with
time on the horizontal axis and the resources to be
scheduled on the vertical axis. It is used for
scheduling resources. |
J
|
|
Just–in–Time (JIT):
is a technique for reducing inventories to a minimum
by arranging for production components to be
delivered to the production facility, Just in time
to be used. |
M
|
|
Management:
is the process of reaching organizational goals by
working with and through people and other
organizational resources. Management by Objective
(MBO): is a management approach that uses
organizational objectives as the primary means of
managing organizations. |
O
|
|
Operations Control:
is an operational plan that specifies the
operational activities of an organization. |
P
|
|
Planning:
is the process of determining how the management
system will achieve its objectives. In other words,
it determines how the organization can get where it
wants to go. |
|
Plan:
is a specific action proposed to help the
organization achieve its objectives. |
|
Policy:
is a standing plan that furnishes broad guidelines
for channeling management toward taking action
consistent with reaching organizational objectives. |
|
Pre control:
refers to the control that takes place before work
is being performed. |
|
Program:
is a single use plan designed to carry out a special
project in an organization. |
|
PERT:
program evaluation and review technique – is a
scheduling tool that is essentially a network of
project activities showing estimates of time
necessary to complete each activity and the sequence
of activities that must be followed to complete the
project. |
R
|
|
Ratio Analysis:
is a control tool that summarizes the financial
position of an organization by calculating ratios
based on various financial measures. |
|
Rule:
is a standing plan that designates specific required
action. |
S |
|
Standard:
is the level of activity established to serve as a
model for evaluating organizational performance. |
|
SWOT Analysis:
is a strategy development tool that matches internal
organizational strengths and weakens with external
opportunities and threats. |
T
|
|
Time Dimension:
of a plan is the length of time the plan covers. |